Session 3: Distinguished Papers

Date: Thursday, Sept 17, 2015, 11:00-12:30
Location: HS 1
Chair: Giovanni Semeraro

  • Applying Differential Privacy to Matrix Factorization
    by Arnaud Berlioz, Arik Friedman, Mohamed Ali Kafaar, Roksana Boreli and Shlomo Berkovsky

    Recommender systems are increasingly becoming an integral part of on-line services. As the recommendations rely on personal user information, there is an inherent loss of privacy resulting from the use of such systems. While several works studied privacy-enhanced neighborhood-based recommendations, little attention has been paid to privacy preserving latent factor models, like those represented by matrix factorization techniques. In this paper, we address the problem of privacy preserving matrix factorization by utilizing differential privacy, a rigorous and provable privacy preserving method. We propose and study several approaches for applying differential privacy to matrix factorization, and evaluate the privacy-accuracy trade-offs offered by each approach. We show that input perturbation yields the best recommendation accuracy, while guaranteeing a solid level of privacy protection.

  • Gaussian Ranking by Matrix Factorization
    by Harald Steck

    The ranking quality at the top of the list is crucial in many real-world applications of recommender systems. In this paper, we present a novel framework that allows for pointwise as well as listwise training with respect to various ranking metrics. This is based on a training objective function where we assume that, for given a user, the recommender system predicts scores for all items that follow approximately a Gaussian distribution. We motivate this assumption from the properties of implicit feedback data. As a model, we use matrix factorization and extend it by non-linear activation functions, as customary in the literature of artificial neural networks. In particular, we use non-linear activation functions derived from our Gaussian assumption. Our preliminary experimental results show that this approach is competitive with state-of-the-art methods with respect to optimizing the Area under the ROC curve, while it is particularly effective in optimizing the head of the ranked list.

  • Context-Aware Event Recommendation in Event-based Social Networks
    by Augusto Q. Macedo, Leandro B. Marinho and Rodrygo L. T. Santos

    The Web has grown into one of the most important channels to communicate social events nowadays. However, the sheer volume of events available in event-based social networks (EBSNs) often undermines the users’ ability to choose the events that best fit their interests. Recommender systems appear as a natural solution for this problem, but differently from classic recommendation scenarios (e.g. movies, books), the event recommendation problem is intrinsically cold-start. Indeed, events published in EBSNs are typically short-lived and, by definition, are always in the future, having little or no trace of historical attendance. To overcome this limitation, we propose to exploit several contextual signals available from EBSNs. In particular, besides content-based signals based on the events’ description and collaborative signals derived from users’ RSVPs, we exploit social signals based on group memberships, location signals based on the users’ geographical preferences, and temporal signals derived from the users’ time preferences. Moreover, we combine the proposed signals for learning to rank events for personalized recommendation. Thorough experiments using a large crawl of Meetup.com demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed contextual learning approach in contrast to state-of-the-art event recommenders from the literature.

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